7/30/2023 0 Comments Direct air capture![]() ![]() Third, the atmosphere exists everywhere on the planet, but large CO 2 emission sites such as thermal power plants are located in specific places. The amount of air needed to be processed is enormous. This low CO 2 concentration is causing technical difficulties. First of all, CO 2 concentration of the air is ultrasmall (about 400 ppm) compared to that of the flue gas emitted from plants and factories (>10%). 1Īs a source of CO 2 capture, it is important to compare the features of the atmosphere with those of large-scale emission sources such as thermal power plants in the development of DAC technology. At the same time, CO 2 emissions reduction alone has proven to be insufficient to reduce the concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere, so it is essential to also implement technologies of direct air capture (DAC) to capture the CO 2 already released into the atmosphere. ![]() Development of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is being promoted to reduce CO 2 emissions as dealing with large-scale CO 2 emission sites such as thermal power plants. In particular, the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions has become an urgent issue. Graphical abstractĬurrently, various climate change-related activities are being carried out all over the world to realize a “decarbonized society,” and R&D of related technologies is also being vigorously promoted. In this article, the potential of membrane technologies as DAC is discussed and future technology target is proposed. However, recent developments in membrane technology have brought the possibility that membrane processes can be considered as a new approach to DAC. On the other hand, membrane separation is generally considered as a most cost- and energy-efficient process among these capture technologies, but DAC by membrane separation has not been considered at all due to the immaturity of the membrane performance for CO 2 capture, especially CO 2 permeance. In particular, DAC using absorption and adsorption methods has already reached the level of plant scale, but the desorption process of captured CO 2 from the absorbent or adsorbent consumes a large amount of heating energy and water. In general, absorption, adsorption, and membrane separation are known as representative CO 2 capture technologies, and DAC is basically based on these technologies. Especially, direct capture of CO 2 from the air, so-called direct air capture (DAC) has attracted much attention as one of promising technologies, because of the high potential capacity of CO 2 capture. ![]() For this reason, negative CO 2 emission technology, a technology to capture CO 2 from the atmosphere, is considered essential. Reducing CO 2 emissions alone will not suppress global warming, and it is necessary to capture the CO 2 that has been cumulatively emitted into the atmosphere as well. ![]()
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